Despite the fact that there are many different kinds of electric cars becoming more and more popular all over the world, their range and the batteries’ potential for powering different kinds of vehicles are both constrained. Batteries are the key to the future of electric cars. The whole world would potentially accept electric vehicles if battery technology could outperform gasoline in terms of range, how they perform and effectiveness.
Li-ion batteries are the current mode of power for all electric vehicles. However, these batteries have great limitations. Therefore manufacturers are focusing on solid-state batteries as a more viable option.
It is crucial to possess some basic knowledge on batteries in order to appreciate the significance of the novel concept of a solid-state battery.
The current best option we’ve got at this point is the li-ion batteries, which are not perfect. The main cause of worry is the electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries. There’s ethylene carbonate in these types of batteries; ethylene carbonate is a volatile liquid. The electrolyte quickly burns when subjected to heating as a result of a faulty battery or after a crash. In a subsequent chain of events, the fire extends from the original spot to the neighboring cells, engulfing the whole battery and causing it to burn. Fires from li-ion batteries are intense and can continue for hours.
Generally, the life and operation periods of lithium-ion batteries are constrained. Contemporary electric vehicles can only travel a 200-mile distance prior to the battery’s charge running out. They therefore need frequent recharging during long trips.
Why the solid-state batteries?
The fundamental idea behind solid-state batteries is to swap out the liquid electrolyte for one that is solid. First and foremost, solid-state batteries are going to address safety concerns. These types of batteries are less likely to spark fatal fires because they do not contain liquid electrolytes, the component that is flammable. The electrolyte that is solid also enables the batteries to recharge in only 10 minutes. The issue with the lengthy wait periods for charging that currently exist in electric vehicles would be resolved by this.
It all comes down to energy and chemical density. American battery manufacturer Solid Power is working on a solid-state battery with an energy content estimated to be 50% higher than that of lithium-ion batteries of similar dimensions. Solid-state batteries are known for their high density of energy, which allows them to be smaller yet capable of great power. Electric vehicles using solid-state batteries are going to have enough power to travel long distances between charges.
Finally, solid-state batteries have the potential to have a lifetime that is several times longer than that of li-ion batteries, which would make these batteries far more practical and cost effective.
It would be interesting to observe how the competition between various EV manufacturers such as Workhorse Group Inc. (NASDAQ: WKHS) and other startups would pan out if they all fitted solid-state batteries in the vehicles they sell in light of buyers’ preferences partially leaning towards vehicle range.
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